THE LEXICAL VARIETY IN THE GERMAN POETRY OF THE LITERARY TREND “NEW OBJECTIVITY”

Abstract

The represented article deals with the properties of the lexical structure of German poetry of the “New objectivity”, one of the brightest phenomena in the social and cultural life of Germany. The material of the article is a poetry by the most known authors of the “New objectivity”: M. Kaleko, E. Kästner, J. Ringelnatz. The lexical structure is investigated from the point of view of the style, of the territorial, historical and social differentiation. In this article the attention is drawn to the usage of historicisms, archaisms, dialecticisms and the national variants of the German language, professionalisms and the terms. The office words, the book words, dates, toponyms and appellatives are considered apart. The Latin loan-words and Latin constructions, as well as the foreign language vocabulary, are investigated as a part of the idiostyle of M. Kaleko, E. Kästner, J. Ringelnatz. The other objects of the investigation were the elevated style, the poetisms and the conversational style. The authors use the conversational style most of all because of it’s leading role in the characteristic of the “New objectivity” and it’s reason – the poetry must be understandable for each ordinary person. The figurative sense is also used in the poetry of the “New objectivity” and is reviewed in these article. All these lexical formations reflect the state of the German society and reproduce the main characteristic features of the aesthetics of the “New objectivity” – it must be written in the reportage style, it must be close to the spoken language and all the figures of speech must be used in a conversational way. The focus of the poetry is directed at the mass reality and at the detailed, factual representation of the economic and social problems, at the condition of the whole society of Germany at the time of the Weimar Republic.