THE ROLE OF EXTRALINGUISTIC FACTORS IN THE FORMATION AND FUNCTIONING OF TERMS (BASED ON THE ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY OF COSMETOLOGY AND AESTHETIC MEDICINE)

Abstract

Functioning of terms in various professional fields attracts the attention not only of linguists but also of the representatives of social sciences. This interest arises from two facts: language is a social phenomenon, and terms are linked to professional communication and serve as a means of information exchange. One striking example of the explicit influence of society on the functioning of terms is the English terminology of cosmetology and aesthetic medicine. Its conceptual apparatus is now actively developing in unison with scientific progress, globalization, economic expansion, cultural mobility, and the prevalence of multilingualism. Socio-economic, socio-communicative, sociohistorical and socio-psychological factors are external sources of influence that have led to the evolution of professional language of cosmetology and aesthetic medicine. The purpose of the article is to consider the impact of social change on the semantic and functional features of English terms of these industries, used in advertising texts, as well as to outline their contribution to the formation of prominent values of modern globalized society. The study was performed within the field of socioterminology, the relevance of which is determined by the intention to disclose the impact of extralinguistic factors on the development of terms. The analysis has shown that terminology of cosmetology and aesthetic medicine, on the one hand, is affected by social changes, manifested through semantic processes of metaphorization, the spread of English terms in other languages and borrowings. On the other hand, the terms, which function and interact with other lexemes in advertising contexts, participate in the dissemination of such attributes of modern globalized society as individualism, tolerance, consumerism, self-identification through brands, and gender unification. The results of the study confirm the mutual influence of social factors and functional features of language.