THE STUDY OF THE NOUN AND ITS MORPHOLOGICAL CATEGORIES IN TERMS OF SEMANTIC-GRAMMATICAL ASYMMETRY

Abstract

The study of semantic-grammatical asymmetry in the field of morphological categories of the noun as one of the types of asymmetry, which characterizes any natural language at all levels of its organization (structure and system) and functioning, provides a clear definition of terms used to describe the phenomenon. The article is devoted to outlining the strategy of research of morphological categories of noun in the aspect of semantic-grammatical asymmetry, analysis of terms and concepts of morphological theory, significant for studying the problem of semantic-grammatical asymmetry at the level of morphological categories of noun. To analyze the phenomenon of semantic-grammatical asymmetry in the field of morphological categories of noun, the author researched and outlined the positions and views of linguists on the number and nature of substantive morphological categories, their relationship with the general categorical meaning of the name, characterized the role of general categorical meaning of subjectivity and morphological categories in the classification of a noun. The emphasis on the morphological categories of the noun led to the analysis of traditional and modern views on the system of substantive grammatical categories, which enables to recognize such categories as number, gender and animation as proper-morphological. The grammatical category of the case of nouns is deliberately removed from the sphere of analysis in the aspect of semantic-grammatical asymmetry. This is caused by the existence of contradictory views on this category in scientific circles and the complexity of the category itself for such an analysis. Within the category of the case, semantic, morphological and syntactic factors interact with a clear dominance of syntactic ones, which gives good grounds for qualifying the case not only as a grammatical but a syntactic category. The systemic nature of morphological categories of the noun is determined by the existence of hierarchical correlation and equal interaction between them, which as a result provide and form a grammatical characteristic of nouns of the first level of abstraction - the category of subjectivity, which constitutes the noun as a part of speech.