TYPOLOGY OF CONCEPTS AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE CONCEPTOSPHERE

Abstract

It is known that the term “concept”, widely used in anthropocentric studies, is an interdisciplinary concept studied by philosophy, linguistics, philology, sociology, cultural studies, etc. The concept is a basic element of human mental activity, logic and systems approach for structuring life. Without this form of expressing the essence of facts and phenomena of reality, the human mind would not be able to adapt to the external world and master it. The peculiarity of the formation and use of generalized expressions and forms of meanings is associated with its linguistic form. The flexibility of the language, the richness of its vocabulary determines the possibilities of concepts in their use. Interest in the concept as a linguistic form of expressing meaning has grown significantly already in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the appearance of works by representatives of neopositivism (especially L. Wittgenstein), existentialism (primarily M. Heidegger) and hermeneutics (H.G. Gadamer). Cultural linguistics played an important role here. In fact, the approach based on linguistic concepts is associated with the analysis of linguistic processes in society. The compilation of dictionaries, including dialects and dialects, the definition of grammatical features did not yet give an idea of all the flexibility and schemes of language development. It is known that in modern linguistics there are many different concepts and terms that are equated with the term “concept”. Variants of the term “concept” include such concepts as linguoculture, linguoepistem, mythologem, etc. However, it should be added that among the options listed above, the term “concept” is significantly ahead of others in terms of viability and frequency of use. There are three main approaches to understanding the concept in modern research: linguistic, cognitive and cultural, which are discussed in this article.