STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF GERMAN COMPOUND TERMS-NOUNS OF THE BORDER SPHERE (BASED ON THE SCHENGEN BORDERS CODE)

Abstract

The article examines the structural features of the German compound noun terms that belong to the border area. The terminological units were selected by sampling from the Schengen Borders Code. We believe that a professional text is the most important means of expressing professional language through the accumulation and transmission of professional information, and it is in the text that the main functions of terms (the nominative, representative, significant, communicative, and cognitive ones) are manifested. In total, 180 terminological units were analysed, and the corresponding conclusions regarding their structural features were drawn. The largest number of the analysed terminological units are two-component terms, three-component terms are four times less, and four-component (poly component) terms make up a small percentage of the total number. One of the features of German compound terms is their functioning according to the general rules of the lexicology of the German language, which proves that the terms are not special words (neologisms, neonymes, occasionalisms), but the words of general vocabulary, which in one of their meanings are specialized lexical units, which denote special concepts. A noun has the greatest combinatory ability, combining with other nouns, seldom – with the other parts of speech. The number of masculine and feminine nouns significantly outweighs neuter nouns, which is quite natural for the German language. The frequency of use of certain nouns, in particular the noun “border”, which is combined with other nouns, as well as numerals, adjectives, and prepositions, forming two-, threeand multi-component lexical units, is typical for the studied scope of terms.