NEGATION IN THE NOMINATIVE FIELD OF THE CONCEPT LAZY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ITS NUCLEAR LEXEME LAZINESS AND ITS SYNONYMS)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the verbalization of the LAZY concept. In the work semes are considered as the smallest components of the nominative field. 170 definitions of 15 nouns in 8 dictionaries were analyzed. The data were subjected to further definitional analysis, which revealed the important role of the seme negation, absence of something. In the course of the research, a synonymous series of English-language noun lexemes denoting the quality, state of a person and which are united by the theme of lazy, this is the noun laziness, as well as lexemes synonymous with it, was formed. The article analyzes the definitions of the lexical unit laziness in English dictionaries; an analysis of the semantic parcel of negation as part of the nominative field of the verbalized concept LAZY was carried out. It was found that 55.3% of all analyzed definitions contain at least one verbalizer of the seme negation, absence of something. In a sample of 15 nouns, each noun has at least 25% of definitions that contain verbalizers of the seme negation, absence of something, and in the definitions of four of the nouns, not one definition was registered that did not have at least one verbalizer of this seme. The article highlights the quantitative representation of verbalizers of seme negation, absence of something in the definitions of nouns-synonyms of the lexeme laziness. These are 15 different means, namely: the noun lack (19.8%), the particle not (17.9%), the prefix un- (10.5%), the noun failure (9.9%), the prefix dis- (3.7%), the prefix in- (3.7 %), the suffix -less (3.7%), the prefix ab- (2.5%), the pronoun no (1.9%), the preposition without (1.9%), the noun aversion (1.2%), the verb to fail (1.2%), the pronoun less (0.6%), the pronoun little (0.6%), the pronoun no one (0.6%). Such results allow us to claim that the seme negation, absence of something is an integral part of the nominative field of the LAZY concept.