LINGUOCOGNITIVE RESEARCH OF PHRASEMICS TO DESCRIBE THE SPIRITUAL WORLD OF UKRAINIANS

Abstract

The article is devoted to the linguocognitive study of the spiritual world of Ukrainians using phraseological tools. The authors note that modern linguistic research is increasingly directed towards anthropocentrism, when the center of attention is a person, his activities, behavior, character, experiences, traditions, customs, beliefs, etc. Nowadays, linguistic phenomena are studied comprehensively: from the standpoint of origin, structure, functioning, and their role in reproducing the phenomena of human existence. During the research, it was traced how these phenomena of existence are reproduced using various linguistic units, in particular unique figurative expressions – phraseologisms, what processes take place in the human brain in the process of producing these formations, as a result of which the surrounding reality is conceptualized and categorized. The purpose and objectives of the article. In the proposed article, the authors set the goal of analyzing modern trends in the study of phraseological units, which recreate the spiritual world of Ukrainians. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were performed: the abstracting of the latest thoughts of modern scientists was introduced into scientific circulation, summarizing the latest thoughts of modern scientists, revealing their views on the problem under study, and illustrating these views with specific examples of phraseology, which reflect the mentality of the Ukrainian ethnic group, and depict its spiritual world. Subject and object of the study. The object of the study was phraseological units selected from a number of reference sources, and the subject was their linguocognitive interpretation. The article presents a description of the most representative, in our opinion, language units. Among the numerous ethnosymbols that are recorded both by national culture in general and through corresponding language units, with the national language as an important component of the former, a range of ethnocultural concepts is presented to denote the constants of folk culture. As a result of the research, the authors came to the conclusion that in a stable expression, in its verbal expression, the results of the cognitive efforts of the human mind are recorded. The meaning of a phraseological unit can only give a general idea of the content of the concept, outline the known boundaries of the representation of its individual characteristics. Language means convey only part of the concept with their meanings, which can be proven by the presence of synonyms, different definitions and textual descriptions of the same concept. The study demonstrated that in this direction of scientific research, the conceptual and linguocultural analysis of phraseological units is promising, which allow us to delve deeper into the culture of the people, their traditions, customs, rituals, and beliefs from the perspective of ethnic consciousness, the meaning-generating mechanisms of which are not only thinking, but also feelings, intuition, and knowledge of the ethnic group about the surrounding world.