THE TEXT TYPE “NATIONAL ANTHEM” AS A DISCURSIVE GENRE

Abstract

The object of scientific study in the article is the genre localization of texts combined into the group “national anthem” (NA), the subject is languagespecific features that make it possible to understand them as a separate discursive-genological phenomenon. The purpose of the work is to theoretically substantiate the phenomenon of “national anthem” as a special genre of lyricalpolitical communication. The work is based on the methodological principles of the cognitive-discursive paradigm of linguistics. The study reveals that among the three symbols of the state (coat of arms, flag, anthem), the national anthem is the only one that is endowed with language. In this role, it appears as a unique text-speech product used in certain discursive conditions, which makes it a separate, full-fledged genre of artistic creativity – discursive. As such, it is characterized by a number of genre-forming parameters inherent only to it: compositional small-format, plotlessness (mainly); affiliation to the functional style of artistic speech; thematic focus on educating and instilling in the people the spirit of patriotism, “correct” civic position, love for the homeland and loyalty to the state. It is found that an important discursive feature of NA texts is their specific addressee-addresser configuration, which forms a kind of agent-client unity, where the agent of discourse can act as a) an active addresser/speaker as an ideological customer (the authorities, state, elite); b) an author (actual creator of the text, propagandist, ideological herald); c) a lyrical hero. The client of discourse in NA texts is the people (object of speech, passive addressee, listener). It is proven that from a genological point of view, the discursive genre “NA” is a cluster of hybrid texts dissolved in several discursive formations at once – artistic, ritual, religious, political, patriotic, etc. In this role, it has the following general genre-discursive features: a political text of a programmatic nature based on the author’s poems; a form of presenting reality from the perspective of the state/authorities/elites/establishment; a means of mass agitation designed for collective perception and action.