MERONYMY IN PROFESSIONAL DISCOURSE TRANSLATION

Abstract

The present paper is a study of the role of holonyms, in thre professional discourse of architecture in comparison with the discourse of fiction. The professional discourse of architecture which semantics (lexical and functional), structure, as well ascohesion and coherence stem from specific, target language uses based on anidentified set of specialized features: style, distinctive features, form, space. LSPs distinguish themselves as far as choice, use and frequency of nparticular linguistic features of morphology,syntax, vocabulary and textual or discursive properties are concerned. The professional discourse of architecture which semantics (lexical and functional), structure, as well as cohesion and coherence stem from specific, target language uses based on an identified set of specialized features: style, distinctive features, form, space. The content must be focused on the lexemes (modernism, shape, openness, function, material, etc,), phrases (asymmetrical compositions, general cubic r cylindrical shapes, flat roofs, gothic style, geometric form, etc.), idioms (public housing, open plan, reinforced concrete, wrap-around porch, Gothic Revival, housing boom, Norman Architecture, semi-enclosed courtyard, etc.), and sentences in the specific context (As part of the Counter-Reformation the architecture was an attempt to celebrate the Catholic state [Baroque style]).

Meronyms in the architecture discourse are lexical items denoting a part in respectto lexical items denoting a whole. They vary in showing how necessary the part is to the whole, for example, a floor as a meronym of a room and further, a room as a meronym of a house others are usual but not obligatory, like belfry as a meronym of a house; still others are optional like a weathercock for a roof" [Saeed 2003]. Hyponymy, antonymy, and meronymy reflect different aspects of the organization of a lexical glossary and they all differ from synonymy.

Due to the definitional analysis of the dictionary entries it is proved that the referred three doors are differentiated by their location in the wall of the house. And the additional component of the lexical meaning of the phrase front door is “facing the road”. The difference lies in the English culture ”front for the guests or head of the family,” side “for the family on ordinary days” and back for “servants, beggars and tramps’.

The function of architects is much beyond their creating buildings. They must not ignore the community’s traditions, beliefs, and culture which are mainly hidden in details [Cromley 2008, p. 391]. And the translator’s task is to specify all these details with the help of meronyms which can retain the smallest item of culture.