THE PECULIARITIES OF VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT LENGUAGE IN SPANISH NATIONAL LINGUAL PICTURE

Abstract

The article is focused on the identification of linguocultural and lingvo-cognitive features of the concept LENGUAGE in the Spanish national worldview. For this purpose, the lexicographic profiling of the concept was carried out. As a result, 12 definitions of the name of the concept, 15 synonyms and 25 derivatives that form its nominative field are revealed. The proverb profiling of the concept has allowed to reveal more than 150 nominations, which include persistent phraseological units, proverbs and sayings, which include the lexema lengua. The study also identified the main linguistic and cognitive features of the concept – notional, perception-figurative and valuation constituents that were found on material taken from the Spanish text corpus CORPES XXI. Notional feature includes: the type and status of the language system of signs; a sign of belonging to a certain nation; tool; academic discipline; organ; multilingualism of the Spanish world; natural phenomenon; food. Perception-figurative features are following: living being; action or thinking process; author's style; sound characteristics; dangerous thing; what unites; thing. Also 3 valuation features of the concept have been revealed: a magnificent phenomenon; possession; rating. The article also presents the results of a free associative experiment that was conducted to identify associates for the word-stimulus lengua. Analysis of the material showed that the Spanish people perceive the language not only as a way of communicating, but also as a national, historical and cultural heritage. The results of the study made it possible to represent the cognitive model of the concept of LENGUAGE and indicate that the core of the conceptual zone is represented by linguistic units that form the primary features of the concept and call the phenomenon that are most relevant to modern life. The area of the near periphery that is represented by language, which consists of used words and phrases, as well as the most persistent representations that exist in the minds of the native speakers. The zone of the distant periphery is composed of linguistic units contained in proverbs and multi-lingual texts selected from CORPES XXI, as well as in experimental data.

The distant periphery makes it possible to establish the national specificity of the perception of the universal concept of LENGUA by native speakers of the Spanish language.